A complex structure for the production of tar, created by Neanderthals, has been discovered at the Vanguard Cave, in Gibraltar; the study in Quaternary Science Reviews
Did Neanderthals use glue? Analysis of 40,000-year old tools reveals surprisingly sophisticated construction
Neanderthals living in Europe from about 55 to 40 thousand years ago traveled away from their caves to collect resin from pine trees. They then used that sticky substance to glue stone tools to handles made out of wood or bone